Jul 29, 2011

Hydrogen Peroxide vs Nitrous Oxide

For our GLXP lunar lander's main engine we have been closely investigating designs with two possible oxidizers - hydrogen peroxide and nitrous oxide.

First and foremost these propellants are non-toxic and thus are more desirable from the safety point of view compared to the toxic ones typically used for government financed lunar spacecraft. The additional safety coming from non-toxics reduces the development time and costs, making the development feasible for our small team which has only limited finances.

Secondly, both these propellants can be used in mono-propellant mode by passing them through a catalyst pack (here nitrous has the small disadvantage of requiring pre-heating for its catalyst pack). The specific impulse in monopropellant mode is not terrific so we have selected a bi-propellant system for the main lander engine, combing the oxidizer with a kerosene-type fuel. However, the monopropellant mode is quite useful for secondary thrusters for attitude control, which don't require high specific impulse, or for a deep throttling mode of the main engine that might be useful for the final touchdown when the lander's mass is low.

Both the oxidizers have a long heritage in both professional and amateur rocketry so there is lots of information available for guiding the design process. Indeed, we have already complete preliminary designs for engines of both types. However, there is one more factor that is very important for our thinking - the availability.

It turns out that there are virtually no suppliers of rocket grade hydrogen peroxide in the world, and those that do exist are notoriously unwilling to cooperate with small companies involved in rocket development. Some small rocketry groups using hydrogen peroxide choose to manufacture the propellant in-house, which is a relatively simple process but presents significant risks and requires dedicated facilities for production and storage, taking it beyond the reach of our team. Thus, for some time now we have been scouring the world for suppliers, and so far didn't succeed. (If anybody knows a supplier willing to cooperate with GLXP teams, please send us an email.)

Unlike hydrogen peroxide, the availability of nitrous oxide presents no difficulties. It is widely used across many industries, is cheap, and can be shipped almost anywhere when needed.

Another oxidizer option that is frequently discussed is liquid oxygen. This is non-toxic and relatively easy to handle as well as giving great performance. However, we rule out liquid oxygen due to the uncertainties in thermal conditions that will be encountered during out mission, which make it impossible to accurately and reliably predict the boil-off fraction. Also we consider the development of a space-qualified re-condensor system as not realistic given the timeframe and finances available.

As a result of the above considerations we have selected nitrous oxide for our first prototype rocket motor, which we plan to demonstrate in the fourth quarter of this year.

The main downsides of nitrous oxide are its requirement for pre-heated catalyst (if a monopropellant mode is used) and its vapor phase transition behavior, which give extra complication compared to hydrogen peroxide. For these reasons, we plan to keep the option open to go back to hydrogen peroxide later if the availability issue can be solved.

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Jul 26, 2011

Sample Ad - White Label Photovoltaics

Next up in our series of sample ads linked the Google Lunar X PRIZE, this ad looks at how our robotic lunar mission could be used to advertise a solar cells company.


Jul 21, 2011

Seeking Partners for QB50 CubeSat Mission

White Label Space is looking for partners to participate in a project to build a CubeSat for the QB50 Project.

QB50 is a European Commission project to create an international network of 50 CubeSats for multi-point, in-situ measurements in the lower thermosphere and re-entry.

The WLS QB50 CubeSat will be 2 units in size (i.e. 20 x 10 x 10 cm) and, aside from the primary payload for scientific measurements, will also include a small payload related to the team's Google Lunar X PRIZE mission. The payload has not been determined yet and the team is looking for ideas.

White Label Space is particularly interested in partnering with one or more universities that would like to host the integration facility. Other organizations or individuals with CubeSat experience are also very welcome to respond.

Please send an email to system@whitelabelspace.com if you would like to contribute to this exciting and challenging mission, or if you have a good idea for a payload.

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Jul 17, 2011

Team Summit Presentation

Andrew Barton and Takeshi Hakamada gave this presentation at the GLXP Team Summit earlier this week.

Jul 12, 2011

Kristhian Mason


Kristhian Mason is a member of the White Label Space video editing team.

Kristhian has worked as a professional graphics artist for 14 years, and is specialized in making layouts and retouching pictures.

He is the Creative Director for the Space Safety Magazine of the IAASS (International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety) and ISSF (Internatonal Space Safety Foundation), making the newsletters, flyers and magazine ads.



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Jul 3, 2011

Japanese in Space Article

Peter Brown has just published this article about White Label Space in his new blog called Japanese in Space.

The article includes comments about our activities in Japan by our chief rover designer, Professor Kazuya Yoshida, and by Takeshi Hakamada, the CEO of White Label Space Japan.

Our team leader Steve Allen also gave some insight on the overall challenges facing the team and what motivates the team members to perform.

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Jun 28, 2011

White Label Space at the White Board

This video shows lapse footage of a recent engineering meeting of our GLXP team... with some funny extras!

Sample Ad - White Label Electric Cars

We want sponsors to support our mission for the Google Lunar X PRIZE (GLXP), and what better sponsor than a maker of electric cars!

This ad, made by the White Label Space creative team, is a sample of how a fictitious automotive brand (we call it "White Label Electric Cars") might use our mission as part of an ad campaign.

Jun 23, 2011

White Label Space is Building a Rocket Engine!

This video is a sneak preview of some early testing that has started within the White Label Space team. Stay tuned in the months ahead for more videos and information...

Jun 21, 2011

Rio Tinto TV Documentary: Newton 14.05.2011 - Erobern Österreicher den Mars?

Last May, the Newton magazine released a TV documentary by Elisabeth Pfneisl and Erich Proell about the Rio Tinto 2011 Mars simulation mission, where White Label Space performed some tests on its Lunar Lander Mockup.

This news report (in German) covers the entire Mars Analog mission, including the ESA's Eurobot tests, the new Aouda.X spacesuit, and the rovers tests.

We need to clarify that when they introduce White Label Space in the report, they described us having won the Google Lunar X PRIZE, which is clearly a mistake. We were there to test our lander mock-up and omnidirectional camera, as well as to get feedback to support our future work.

Enjoy the journey through the Rio Tinto Mars Analog Mission 2011 with this video.


Jun 20, 2011

Human Interface for Rover Teleoperation

Audrey Lan Sun and Rachel Dompnier talk about their project to research and design a concept for the White Label Space lunar rover control center.

Jun 19, 2011

GEO Magazine Translation of WLS Article

By popular demand, this is an English translation of the recently published GEO magazine article covering White Label Space.

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TEAM WHITE LABEL SPACE

The moon doesn’t have advertising, according to this team from the Netherlands and Japan. Advertising brings money, which, in turn, will bring the rover to the moon. For now, they all hope it is affordable.


The debate is lively this evening in the meeting room of the firm AOES in Noordwijk. Seven men are sitting at the table, the youngest mid-30, the oldest in the early 60s. Engineers, technicians; the only banker around the table has difficulty in following the conversation.

AOES is a medium-sized aerospace company, and looking out the window the buildings of the European Space Agency ESA can be seen. The screen in the conference room shows images with formulae, calculations, tables. That’s Martin Lemmen’s part. He’s investigating heat analysis during the landing, as the lander descends from the orbit around the moon to the moon’s surface.

How can you avoid overheating by sunshine during the landing? When would be the best time for the landing?

“Morning, after 7am moon time”, says Lemmen. “That will enable sunshine to power the lander [by photovoltaic cells]”.

“I would prefer earlier” responds Andrew Barton, leading the discussions, “then we’d have more time up there for experiments”.

“That would work” answers Lemmen, “but makes it more complicated”.

White Label Space (WLS) has an international make-up. The team members in Holland work on the landing module. In Japan, at Tohoku University in Sendai – they survived undamaged after earthquakes and tsunamis – Professor Kazuya Yoshida, expert in space robotics, and his students are building the payload: the moon rover.

“There’s surely no one better in Japan for such an exercise” says Barton.

Barton is an Australian with a work permit in the Netherlands. He’s studied aerospace in Sydney, Tokyo and Strasbourg. He’s an engineer at AOES, in his mid-30s, with a close cropped beard. He’s one of the founders and the Chairman of WLS. At the very start, he arranged that the firm in which he is employed to become a WLS partner; in exchange for the welcome publicity, AOES has given him time off to work on the project.

“Such an adventure has always been my dream” says Barton. By that he means this sort of space mission in which it wasn’t necessary to spend decades in the planning phase in order to get the support of earthbound bureaucracies. This is a project that, in addition to technical capabilities, demands spontaneity and unconventional ideas – and that is spectacular enough not only to inspire the participants, but to keep them awake.

In total, approximately 25 persons are heavily involved in WLS, all on an unpaid basis, including Barton. But not everyone is contributing publicly. Several team members work in the space industry or at ESA.

“They are afraid of difficulties” reckons Barton.

Most of them are driven by similar motives as he is: in the end to be able to realise something by himself, to be creative without restrictions.

The creativity begins with the financing: the conceptual idea features in the name of the team. White Label Products are products with no brand markings.

Says Barton: “White Label Space offers its mission as a platform on which sponsors can display their advertising”.

Advertising on the lander. A firm’s logo, etched out by the rover in the dust of the moon. Pictures of that, in HD quality, beamed to the Earth and distributed a zillion-fold via YouTube. In addition to that, one or several other scientific experiments as paid accompanying loads. Anything that can be thought of, everything is possible. By themselves, Toyota, Deutsche Telekom and Panasonic, for example spent around 3.4 billion Euros in advertising in 2009. That’s about as much as the total budget for ESA in the same year.

“A hundredth of this sum would finance our project” Barton estimates. “The undertaking will be achievable with a few very big firms as advertising partners.”

At present, WLS doesn’t want to be too precise about the costs: the mission concept summary gives a figure of 30 million Euros as the upper bound. For the launcher, WLS has chosen the Indian rocket PSLV-XL in a narrow decision. That costs 18 million Euro and has no obvious problems. In fact it has already had one successful mission – in 2008, the PSLV-XL transported the Indian lunar probe “Chandrayaan-1”.

To develop the braking stage for the descent to the moon surface, WLS needs to buy expertise on the open market. According to calculations, the lander will separate from the entry vehicle 13.6 km about the dusty surface. From there on, the lander is responsible for a soft landing. WLS plans to build the necessary braking stage in-house.

And how far have they got with the development?

“Come with me” says Barton, “I’ll show you our mock-up, a full size model”.

The way leads out of the meeting room through the AOES foyer, on whose wall is displayed a large-magnification satellite picture of the Earth. Then on to a conference room, decorated with a meter-long tapestry of pictures of planets, the Milky Way and far galaxies on a totally black background. That’s a fitting backdrop for a moon lander.

The model of the lander consists of wood and cardboard, but looks realistic, wrapped in protective foil as is required for heat insulation in spacecraft, supported by three intricately constructed legs. The whole thing is scarcely 80 cm high. On the platform of the lander is a small vehicle that represents the rover, even if it doesn’t look like it.

Now you need a little imagination if you want to come to grips with the plan.

“On the landing vehicle we’ll install a camera” explains Barton. And in the body will be the electronics for transmission of images to the Earth. The necessary electric current will be provided by a large foldaway solar panel.

If everything goes as planned, the two landing ramps of the lander will be remotely deployed once the lander is on the moon. The rover will be loosened from its connection with the lander and will then roll onto the moon’s surface.

“Just as Lunokhod did for the Soviets” Barton comments.

For the construction material of the flight hardware, the team has secured an experienced partner. Scarcely a half hour distant from Noordwijk, in an industrial district on the outskirts of The Hague, is the firm Airborne International, led by Sandor Woldendorp. This is a firm with around 100 employees, specialising in carbon fibre reinforced materials, so-called composite materials. Out of this black material, the firm builds aeroplane components for Airbus, tubes for oil platforms, or the tethers for the giant solar panels of the Galileo satellites of ESA.

Woldendorp reaches in the shelves next to the wall and draws out a 50 cm length of composite ribbon.

“We bring the technology for the structure, which is needed by WLS” he says, “for the solar panels on the lander, for the ramps, perhaps also for the body of the landing module.”

And what will Airborne get in return? “If it works”, says the manager, “we’ll have a powerful PR effect: a landing on the moon.”

Who will win the race won’t be clear for a long time.

Andrew Barton says: “Technically, Astrobotic have their nose in front. But I believe our chances are not bad.”

Towards the end of the meeting in the AOES conference room, the men are discussing the design of the rover. Astrobotic’s rolling pyramid appears on the screen.

“What do you think?” asks someone in the group, “does this thing have better features than our design?” “I don’t think so” says another.

They will see.

By Jürgen Bischoff

Caption to picture:

Advertising on the Moon: “A spectacular platform on which sponsors can display their advertising.”

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Jun 13, 2011

Budget Comparison: Global Brands vs Space Agencies

Can advertising by global brands finance ambitious space exploration missions like our Google Lunar X PRIZE mission?

This chart compares the budgets of various space agencies with advertising budgets of global brands.


The global brands shown in the chart were selected from industries with the strongest opportunities for brand linkage advertising on our GLXP mission, namely: Automotive, Electronics Technology, Telecommunications, News & Entertainment and Finance.

Any of the companies listed in the chart could finance our complete mission with less than 10% of their annual advertising expenditure. More likely, our mission will be sponsored by a number of different brands, and development costs will be spread over a number of years.

Sources:
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Jun 9, 2011

Rover Prototype - Suspension Integrated on Body Frame

Nathan Britton at Tohoku University Space Robotics Lab has sent through these latest photos of the rover prototype. The suspension has now been integrated on the frame of the body.

The prototype is on course for its first driving demonstrations next month.






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Jun 6, 2011

3.4 Million People to Read About White Label Space GLXP Team

This month 3.4 million readers of Germany's GEO magazine will read about the White Label Space team's participation in the Google Lunar X PRIZE (GLXP).

The article includes a great two-page photo showing White Label Space team members working on the lunar lander mock-up, and photos of our partners Airborne Composites and AOES Group BV.

With over 3.4 million readers, GEO is one of the largest monthly magazines in Germany. GEO also publishes international versions in a number of different languages. The article, titled "Google Lunar X Prize: Die Mondsüchtigen", features in issue 06/11 of the Germany language edition, and also covers a selection of the other GLXP teams.

See also:
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Jun 4, 2011

Video - Discussions on Lander Prototype

This technical meeting of the White Label Space engineering team was held on the 19th of May 2011. The discussions were led by Dr Jeremy Fielding, the lead system engineer for the lander, and centered on the question of what should be the next steps after the successful demonstration of the lander mock-up at the Rio Tinto field trials. During the video the team can be seen setting up the lander mock-up to assist the discussions.

Jun 3, 2011

Carmen Felix

Carmen Felix, who participated during the field testing of the lander mock-up in Rio Tinto, Spain is now joining the team as a permanent member. Carmen is an Electronics and Communications Engineer, and holds a Master in Space Science from the International Space University at Strasbourg, France.

Carmen will be collaborating with WLS with testing, and with the communications between the lander and the rover and with the ground station.

Carmen has experience working with companies as aT&T and Texas Instruments in the areas of networking protocols, communications and testing. During 2010, she worked at NASA Ames for 8 months as an intern researcher for the Small Satellite Division, at the Mission Design Center. Her professional experience will be valuable for White Label Space.

Carmen has experience in leadership and management, and she also holds a Radio Amateur Technician License, a Windows Embedded CE 6.0 Developer Certification with a Diploma of Excellence, a CCNA certification and different courses of wireless communication, WiMAX, GSM, GPRS and EDGE.

She likes to help education and young people, and currently she managed to send a group of Mexican high school kids to participate in STEP NASA program as the first foreign participants. She is the National Point of Contact in Mexico for Space Generation Advisory Council for the United Nations, and has been participating in different space conferences and symposiums, as the last two ISU annual symposiums, World Space Congress, Americas Space Conference, conferences of the Mexican Space Agency and many others.

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May 30, 2011

CEO Takeshi Hakamada Talks to Evadot

Takeshi Hakamada, the CEO of White Label Space Japan, gave this interview podcast for Evadot.

In the interview Takeshi answers questions on topics including the meaning behind the name 'White Label Space' and the team's upcoming activities in Japan.

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May 29, 2011

More Video From the Rio Tinto Field Trials

This video carries on from our earlier video from Rio Tinto and shows White Label Space team members Andrea Gini and Carmen Felix testing some concepts for rover operations and cooperative robotics on planetary surfaces.

Although the Rio Tinto event focuses on simulations of Mars missions, there are many common challenges with moon missions such as ours for the Google Lunar X PRIZE. White Label Space will continue to make use of such opportunites to test our hardware as it is developed.

May 28, 2011

How Big is Your Team?

One question has been bugging me for a long time. How do you quantify the 'size' of a team of volunteers preparing a mission to send a robot to the moon?

Scroll down to the bold highlighted sentence about half way down this post if you want to see the first real answer to this question!

The difficulty in giving a good answer is that members come and go over time, and the amount of effort any individual puts in depends on many factors - how busy their day job is, whether they live near to other team members, births of their children, how motivated they are, whether they have skills that we can make effective use of, etc.

What I already knew is that over 240 people have contacted us, sending their resume asking how they can help the White Label Space team. In most cases we were able to assign them to a sub-team or give them a specific task to work on, however that still leaves the problem of keeping track of all those distributed members. So I decided to do a little survey..

The graph below summarizes responses to a survey of the 40 most active team members of White Label Space. I've asked each member to estimate how many hours they put into the team over the last 12 months. (The results are still coming in, so this post might be updated in the future)


As expected for any volunteer project, the distribution of efforts forms a Long-Tail Distribution, with a minority of the members putting in large amounts of effort but a lot of members putting in a small effort. From the 24 members who answered so far (and more answers are expected to come in), the efforts ranged from 816 hours to 0 hours, the latter being a brand new member.

The total effort over the last year was 4906 hours, which corresponds roughly to 2.4 standard full-time working years.

Thus, if we were a normal company, it would still be a rather small one (although 2.4 full-time employees is nothing to sneeze at!). However, in such analysis one should also consider the value that comes from having such a large number of people involved, each bringing their own experience and network to the team, not to mention the fact that they are distributed across more than 10 different countries.

Considering this, it's no surprise that White Label Space has been a strong performer in the Google Lunar X PRIZE (GLXP) so far. Our team at Tohoku University is making excellent progress on a fully functional rover prototype, and our Netherlands-based members have built a very realistic and attractive mock-up of the lander, which was deployed at the recent Mars analog field trials in Rio Tinto. Aside from this, we are making steady progress on a realistic and affordable engineering design of our GLXP mission and our Japan Office is preparing some exciting activities that promise to engage a huge audience in that very important and technologically advanced country. Finally, we now have a team of video editors in place making professional video content to communicate our work to the world, engaging potential sponsors and partners.

So don't take quantified answer to the blog post (2.4) too seriously. This team is showing what's possible when 100% pure passion is your rocket fuel and motivation is your oxidizer!

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